University Grants Commission -National Eligibility Test

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About Course

UGC-NET (University Grants Commission – National Eligibility Test) is a national-level examination conducted by NTA to determine eligibility for Assistant Professor, JRF, and Ph.D. admission in Indian universities and colleges.

What Will You Learn?

  • Understand the complete UGC NET Law syllabus.
  • Master all important legal subjects for Paper II (Law).
  • Strengthen concepts for UGC NET Paper I.
  • Learn exam-oriented strategies and time management.
  • Practice Previous Year Questions (PYQs).
  • Improve accuracy with mock tests and quizzes.
  • Revise important case laws and legal provisions.
  • Prepare confidently for Assistant Professor and JRF eligibility.

Course Content

UGC NET SYLLABUS (PAPER 1)

Unit 1: Teaching Aptitude Syllabus
Teaching: Concept, Objectives, Levels of Teaching (Memory, Understanding, and Reflection), Characteristics, and Basic Requirements. Learner’s characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners (Academic, Social, Emotional, and Cognitive), Individual differences. Factors affecting teaching related to the Teacher, Learner, Support material, Instructional facilities, Learning environment, and Institution. Methods of teaching in Institutions of higher learning: Teacher-centered vs. Learner-centered methods; offline vs. Online methods (Swayam, Swayamprabha, MOOCs, etc.). Teaching Support System: Traditional, Modern, and ICT-based. Evaluation Systems: Elements and Types of Evaluation, Evaluation in Choice-Based Credit System in Higher Education, Computer-based Testing, Innovations in Evaluation Systems. Aspirants can refer to the Latest UGC NET strategies so that they can make a proper daily routine for preparing for the exam.

Unit 2: Research Aptitude
Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Post-positivist approach to research. Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative, and Quantitative Methods. Steps of Research. Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing. Application of ICT in research. Research ethics.

Unit 3: Comprehension
A passage of text is given. Questions are asked about the passage to be answered.

Unit 4: Communication
Communication: Meaning, types, and characteristics of communication. Effective communication: Verbal and Non-verbal, intercultural and group communications, and Classroom communication. Barriers to effective communication. Mass-Media and Society.

Unit 5: Mathematical Reasoning and Aptitude
Types of reasoning. Number series, Letter series, Codes, and Relationships. Mathematical Aptitude (fractions, Time & Distance, Ratio, Proportion and Percentage, Profit and Loss, Interest and Discounting, Averages, etc.).

Unit 6: Logical Reasoning
Understanding the structure of arguments: argument forms, the structure of categorical propositions, Mood and Figure, Formal and Informal fallacies, Uses of language, Connotations, and denotations of terms, and Classical square of opposition. Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning. Venn diagram: Simple and multiple uses for establishing the validity of arguments. Indian Logic: Means of knowledge. Pramanas: Pratyaksha (Perception), Anumana (Inference), Upamana (Comparison), Shabda (Verbal testimony), Arthapatti (Implication), and Anupalabddhi (Non-apprehension). Structure and kinds of Anumana (inference), Vyapti (invariable relation), and Hetvabhasas (fallacies of inference).

Unit 7: Data Interpretation
Sources, acquisition, and classification of Data. Quantitative and Qualitative Data. Graphical representation (Bar-chart, histogram, Pie-chart, Table-chart, and Line-chart) and mapping of Data. Data Interpretation. Data and Governance.

Unit 8: Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
ICT: General abbreviations and terminology. Basics of the Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio, and Video-conferencing. Digital initiatives in higher education. ICT and Governance.

Unit 9: People Development and Environment
Development and environment: Millennium Development and Sustainable Development Goals. Human and environment interaction: Anthropogenic activities and their impacts on the environment. Environmental issues: Local, Regional, and Global; Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Waste (solid, liquid, biomedical, hazardous, electronic), Climate change and its Socio-Economic and Political dimensions. Impacts of pollutants on human health. Natural and energy resources: Solar, Wind, Soil, Hydro, Geothermal, Biomass, Nuclear, and Forests. Natural hazards and disasters: Mitigation strategies. Environmental Protection Act (1986), National Action Plan on Climate Change, International agreements/efforts -Montreal Protocol, Rio Summit, Convention on Biological Diversity, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, International Solar Alliance. To prepare for all these subjects more efficiently, one can also check tips and tricks to crack the UGC NET exam, in which we have covered many hacks if followed correctly, can clear the exam.

Unit 10: Higher Education System
Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India. Evolution of higher learning and research in post-independence India. Oriental, Conventional, and Non-conventional learning programs in India. Professional, Technical, and Skill-Based Education. Value education and environmental education. Policies, Governance, and Administration.

UGC NET SYLLABUS (PAPER 2) LAW

UNIT – I: Jurisprudence
Nature and sources of law Schools of jurisprudence Law and morality Concept of rights and duties Legal personality Concepts of property, ownership, and possession Concept of liability Law, poverty, and development Global justice Modernism and post-modernism

UNIT – II: Constitutional and Administrative Law
Preamble, fundamental rights and duties, directive principles of state policy. Union and State executive and their Interrelationship Union and State legislature, and the distribution of legislative powers Judiciary Emergency provisions Temporary, transitional, and special provisions in respect of certain states Election Commission of India Nature, scope, and importance of administrative law Principle of natural justice Judicial review of administrative actions – Grounds.

UNIT – III: Public International Law and IHL
International law – Definition, nature, and basis Sources of International Law Recognition of states and governments Nationality, immigrants, refugees, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) Extradition and asylum United Nations and its organs Settlement of international disputes World Trade Organization (WTO) International humanitarian law (IHL) – C

UNIT – IV: Law of Crimes
General principles of criminal liability – Actus reus and mens rea, individual and group liability, and constructive liability Stages of crime and inchoate crimes – Abetment, criminal conspiracy, and attempt General exceptions Offences against the human body Offences against the state and terrorism Offences against property Offences against women and children Drug trafficking and counterfeiting Offences against public tranquility Theories and kinds of punishments, compensation to the victims of crime

UNIT – V: Law of Torts and Consumer Protection
Nature and definition of tort General principles of tortious liability General defenses Specific torts – Negligence, nuisance, trespass, and defamation Remoteness of damages Strict and absolute liability Tortious liability of the State The Consumer Protection Act 1986 – Definitions, consumer rights, and redressal mechanism The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 – No fault liability, third-party insurance, and claims tribunal The Competition Act, 2002 – Prohibition of certain agreements, abuse of dominant position, and regulation of combinations

UNIT – VI: Commercial Law
Essential elements of contract and e-contract Breach of contract, frustration of contract, void and voidable agreements Standard form of contract and quasi-contract Specific contracts – Bailment, pledge, indemnity, guarantee, and agency Sale of Goods Act, 1930 Partnership and limited liability partnership Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Company law – Incorporation of a company, prospectus, shares, and debentures Company law – Directors and meetings Corporate social responsibility

UNIT-VII: Family Law
Sources and schools Marriage and dissolution of marriage Matrimonial remedies – Divorce and theories of divorce Changing dimensions of the institution of marriage – Live-in relationship Recognition of foreign decrees in India on marriage and divorce Maintenance, dower, and stridhan Adoption, guardianship, and acknowledgement Succession and inheritance Will, gift, and wakf Uniform Civil Code

UNIT –VIII: Environment and Human Rights Law
Meaning and concept of ‘environment’ and ‘environmental pollution’ International environmental law and UN Conferences Constitutional and legal framework for the protection of the environment in India Environmental Impact Assessment and control of hazardous waste in India National Green Tribunal Concept and development of human rights Universalism and cultural relativism International Bill of Rights Group rights – Women, children, persons with disabilities, elderly persons, minorities, and weaker sections Protection and enforcement of human rights in India – National Human Rights Commission, National Commission for Minorities, National Commission for Women, National Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for Scheduled Tribes, and National Commission for Backward Classes

UNIT – IX: Intellectual Property Laws and Information Technology Law
Concept and meaning of intellectual property Theories of intellectual property International conventions on intellectual property Copyright and neighboring rights – Subject matters, limitations and exceptions, infringement and remedies Law of patent – Patentability, procedure for grant of patent, limitations and exceptions, infringement and remedies Law of trademark – Registration of trademarks, kinds of trademarks, infringement and passing off, remedies Protection of Geographical Indications Biodiversity and Traditional Knowledge Information technology law- digital signature and electronic signature, electronic governance, electronic records, and duties of subscribers Cyber crimes, penalties, and adjudication

UNIT – X: Comparative Public Law and System of Governance
Comparative Law – Relevance, methodology, problems, and concerns in Comparison Forms of governments – Presidential and parliamentary, unitary and federal Models of federalism – USA, Canada, and India Rule of Law – ‘Formal’ and ‘Substantive’ versions Separation of powers – India, UK, USA, and France Independence of judiciary, judicial activism and accountability – India, UK, and USA Systems of constitutional review – India, USA, Switzerland, and France Amendment of the Constitution – India, USA, and South Africa Ombudsman –Sweden, UK, and India Open Government and Right to Information – USA, UK, and India

UGC NET SYLLABUS (PAPER 2) COMMERCE

Business Environment and International Business
Concepts and elements of the business environment Scope and importance of international business Theories of international trade Foreign direct investment (FDI) and Foreign portfolio investment (FPI) Balance of payments (BOP) Regional Economic Integration International Economic Institutions World Trade Organisation (WTO)

Accounting and Auditing
Basic accounting principles Partnership Accounts Corporate Accounting: Issue, forfeiture, and reissue of shares Holding company accounts Cost and Management Accounting Financial Statements Analysis Human Resources Accounting Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS Auditing Recent Trends in Auditing

Business Economics
Meaning and scope of business economics Objectives of business firms Demand analysis Consumer behavior Law of Variable Proportions Theory of cost Price determination under different market forms Pricing strategies

Business Finance
Scope and sources of finance Cost of capital and time value of money Capital structure Capital budgeting decisions Working capital management Risk and return analysis International monetary system Foreign exchange market International financial markets and instruments International arbitrage

Business Statistics and Research Methods
Measures of central tendency Measures of dispersion Measures of skewness Correlation and regression of two variables Probability Probability distributions Research Data Sampling and estimation Hypothesis testing Report writing

Business Management and Human Resource Management
Principles and functions of management Organization structure Responsibility and authority Motivation and leadership Corporate governance and business ethics Human resource management Compensation management Performance appraisal, including 360-degree performance appraisal Collective bargaining and workers’ participation in management Personality Organizational Culture

Banking and Financial Institutions
Overview of the Indian financial system Types of banks Reserve Bank of India Banking sector reforms in India Financial markets Financial Institution Financial Regulators in India Financial sector reforms, including financial inclusion Digitisation of banking and other financial services Insurance

Marketing Management
Marketing Product decisions Pricing decisions Promotion decisions Distribution decisions Consumer Behaviour Service marketing Trends in marketing Logistics management

Legal Aspects of Business
Indian Contract Act, 1872 Special contracts Sale of Goods Act, 1930 Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 The Companies Act, 2013 Limited Liability Partnership The Competition Act, 2002 The Information Technology Act, 2000 The RTI Act, 2005 Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) Goods and Services Tax (GST)

Income Tax and Corporate Tax Planning
Income-tax International Taxation Corporate Tax Planning Dedication and collection of tax at the sourc

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